26/12/2010Iraq without sanctions
Ammar al-Maliki
Trusteeship time disintegrate
After twenty years old Exactly Anatq Iraq from the restrictions of Chapter VII, which today has a well-deserved full resolution of internal and external, without international sanctions or constraints.
Trusteeship over time, Iraq today is free to export its oil without international control, free to launch a civilian nuclear program, free to spend its resources for the benefit of its people and build their future, after unanimously by the Security Council lifted the heavy legacy of the brutal dictatorship of wisdom over the decades.
Remains the problem of semi-stuck is to compensate Kuwait losses Saddam's invasion, and will repay Iraq the remaining part of this compensation and the estimated $ 22 billion, in equal installments deducted from its oil production at a rate of 5 percent of this production, agreed that the agreement with the Kuwaiti officials filtering issues Other outstanding.
Finally, after unanimously to get rid Iraq of most of the sanctions imposed by the UN Security Council since the year 1990 under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, which was classified as the former Iraqi regime as a «source of danger to its neighbors,» and was appointed the international community reverting through sanctions or the use of military force if necessary, turn the page to start a long international isolation and puts his feet confidently on the road to ending the international trusteeship of its destinies.
Although the UN resolution 1483 which was released at the end of the year 2008 provided the country out of the restrictions of Chapter VII in a year, but the three resolutions adopted by the UN Security Council on Wednesday, December 15 (December 2010) is the real beginning of the end of the stage of international sanctions.
The Security Council authorized the adoption of resolution 1956 and resolution 1957 and resolution 1958 meeting, which was headed by U.S. Vice President Joseph Biden, in the presence of Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari, resolutions ancients unanimously, the resolution III has been clearance by 14 votes because of the failure of France to vote.
It is known that UN Resolution 1957 ended the ban on nuclear activities and technological Iraq, and allowed Iraq's freedom of action in order to obtain nuclear technology and development, in line with international law and obligations, which sponsored the Global Nuclear Energy Agency.
The UN resolution 1956 was another extension of the work and validity of the Development Fund for Iraq on the financing of reconstruction and rebuilding of Iraq from the devastation of war, as Iraq continues to pay 5 percent of its oil revenues to the Compensation Fund International, at the request of the State of Kuwait, which result in edema Iraq compensation estimated at $ 22 billion.
With the UN resolution passed in 1958 ending the oil-for-food program, which was controlled by UN Security Council under which Iraqi oil revenues as a whole.
And thus have been able to enjoy his Iraq peaceful nuclear because it no longer poses a threat to one will not be thinking of building nuclear weapons because of its current status and entry into international agreements prohibiting the acquisition of weapons of mass destruction.
On the other hand, imports of Iraqi oil will be automatically converted to the Development Fund for Iraq, which enjoys international protection to prevent companies from claiming their rights (and this was the reason for the refusal of France to vote on resolution 1958).
Difficult time
In general, divide the international resolutions against Iraq during the period from 1990 to 2003 to three axes or core files began to shut down in order to be able to turn the country to emerge from Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations in the final.
First: With regard to disarmament of weapons of mass destruction, was close this file after the year 2003.
II: Group decisions on oil for food program, this file is virtually closed with the exception of some of the contracts, which revolve around the differences between Iraq and a number of countries have their funds must be liquidated and settled.
III: Resolutions concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait.
In practice, finally closed the files on the remaining contracts of the oil for food program, and that the Iraqi government went on the settlement of legal claims of civilian Americans to the Iraqi government.
There are American citizens were detained during the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 and was humiliated during the reign of Saddam Hussein in detention centers, and registered cases in the courts and the current Iraqi government got rid of a lot of these cases and remained part of it within 6 to 8 cases only.
In regard to Kuwait did not solve the problem of compensation, although there had been progress in some areas between the two sides did not end the problem completely because the decision to end this political decision to complete the basic settlement with Kuwait, which is the re-recognition of resolution 833, a decision that the recognition of sovereignty and the boundaries drawn by the this resolution, is the key to exit and resolve the problem.
For its part, Kuwait welcomed the adoption of Security Council resolutions relating to Iraq, the number 1956 the Development Fund for Iraq and the Resolution 1957 related to weapons of mass destruction and Resolution 1958 concerning the Oil for Food Programme, and welcomed the Security Council presidential statement that calls on Iraq to implement the remaining obligations in the fastest soon as possible, and praised the speech and the Foreign Minister, Hoshyar Zebari, who confirmed his country's keenness to implement all remaining obligations related to Kuwait to be on the ladder of priorities for the next Iraqi government.
This came in a telegram sent by the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Sheikh Dr. Mohammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah to Zebari, including Kuwait's congratulations to Iraq's success in meeting the requirements of Security Council resolutions referred to.
The cross-morning on the aspirations of the cooperation of Iraq to proceed with the completion of the other files in the head maintenance project marks the border between the two countries and reveal the fate of prisoners and missing persons and the national archives, and expressed Kuwait's readiness to assist Iraq in meeting all these obligations to emerge from Chapter VII of the Charter in full.
And demanding political elite in Iraq, debt reduction and Kuwaiti reparations, or converted to investment projects within the country, in order to wipe the traces of the past, especially as the amount of compensation estimated at between 22 and 25 billion dollars can not be paid during the next six months in any case, and file compensation will be more complex than the problems of borders and the fate of prisoners and property and archives, but will not solve the problems through bilateral understandings.
For its part, issued the countries and organizations including the Arab League and the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Saudi Arabia signs welcoming the international resolutions last, through statements or statements to the press, which included welcoming a large number of countries in the world, which confirmed the presence of faith and the atmosphere of an international occasion to end the sanctions on Iraq.
Persons left the three Security Council resolutions comfortable and spacious, welcomed the Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki's position on the international community supporting Iraq and its people and the political process in it.
The Dr. Barham Saleh, President of the Kurdistan Regional Government is optimistic the end of the era of sanctions imposed on Iraq by the policies of the former regime.
He said Iraqi Vice President Tareq al-Hashemi that this action put an end to a painful era and opened the door to Iraq and neighboring countries to resolve many outstanding issues, called on Kuwait to direct dialogue to address issues related to demarcation of land and sea borders and file compensation.
The Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari that he was lifting all the resolutions imposed on Iraq under Chapter VII of the case with the exception of Kuwait.
He stressed that Iraq is working to address outstanding issues with our brothers in Kuwait, the responsibility is high.
He stressed that these Security Council resolutions, is the beginning of the end of the sanctions on Iraq, said that the Iraqi people happy to close a chapter of the previous regime's practices.
A member of the House of Representatives for the Kurdistan Alliance, Mohsen al-Sadoun said that the Security Council resolution lifting sanctions on Iraq came as a result of turning the political system in Iraq into a federal system constitutional, democratic, gave a different picture of Iraq as a source of peace and not war, as in the past, in addition to Iraq and in the its international obligations, so the Security Council countries and stood beside him to get out of the state of Chapter VII.
Saadun and that the issuance of decisions on the lifting of the sanctions imposed on Iraq a positive step, noting that the new government will be 100% successful in dealing with these decisions at the international level as well as with Kuwait, which are still some outstanding issues with the need to hard work.
Has called on the Attorney for the Iraqi List, Unit Jumaili political blocs to unanimously agree on one opinion to rid Iraq of the issue of Kuwaiti reparations, stressing the need to exploit the Iraqi government achievement of Security Council resolution to lift most sanctions imposed on Iraq after its invasion of Kuwait through Iraq's recovery economically and security and service.
Considered Jumaili that Security Council resolution a turning point Iraq from slavery and emancipation to the economic downturn coincided with the birth of a new government, calling on the government to exploit this achievement in order to accelerate Iraq's recovery.
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